Robotic repair of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF).

While worldwide, the predominant cause of VVF is obstructed labour due to poor obstetric care, in obstetrically developed countries this is usually an iatrogenic complication of gynaecological surgery, most commonly abdominal hysterectomy, occurring in one in every 1800 hysterectomies [ 2 – 4 ] . Generally, VVF occurs 1 – 6 weeks after gynaecological or obstetric surgery, while recurrent fi stula can develop within the fi rst 3 months after primary repair [ 2 ] .